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Overview
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What is People in Need?
The number of people in need of humanitarian assistance helps to define the magnitude of a crisis and the overall cost estimate of an emergency response; it is a prerequisite for strategic planning and response monitoring. Identifying the number of People in Need is also essential to determine priority areas for interventions, when those are defined as a function of people in need, access, and likely deterioration, etc. This section looks at specific examples and step-by-step approaches to derive estimates for the size of the population in need. It assumes that the Total Population, as well as the total number of People Affected (in accordance with the Humanitarian Profile), is known
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- whose physical security, basic rights, dignity, living conditions or livelihoods are threatened or have been disrupted, AND
- whose current level of access to basic services, goods, and social protection is inadequate to re-establish normal living conditions with their accustomed means in a timely manner without additional assistance.
How to establish
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People in
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Need
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The two main approaches to help identify PiN are the top-down and the bottom-up approach.
Top-Down
There are two top-down approaches: 1) The Core Humanitarian Problem Approach and 2) The Intensity of Needs approach.
1) The Core Humanitarian Problem Approach
In their simplest form, unmet needs can be measured in relation to a "core humanitarian problem". This approach is based on the premise that there is a common denominator of the population affected and in need, a "core problem" generated by the specific nature of the shock. For example, after a sudden-onset crisis such as an earthquake, food or tropical storm, the core problem and most relevant proxy indicator for people in need can be damage to shelter.
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| Field Example: Libya Humanitarian Crisis 2015 | |
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The Humanitarian Needs Overview 2015 in Libya used mostly the location and the humanitarian profile to identify the number of people in need in the country. 100% of IPDs, refugees and asylum seekers and migrants were considered in need of assistance. However, following a multisectoral assessment, approximately 640,000 residents affected were not considered in need of assistance and were discarded from this category. Furthermore, within the population in need, 1.35 million women and children were identified as vulnerable groups. Strengths The strength of this approach lies in its logical description of the population in need as a subset of the identified groups of the humanitarian profile. |
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2)The Intensity of Needs Approach
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| Field Example: Multiplicity of crisis and geographical overlap- Colombia Humanitarian Crisis 2015 | |
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In the 2015 Humanitarian Needs Overview for Colombia, the population in need was estimated by including people affected by both the armed conflict AND by recurrent natural disasters. The number of people in need due to the armed conflict in 2015 was calculated considering population affected by the armed conflict and armed violence between 2012 and 2014. The number of people in need as a result of natural disasters is an estimate of people living in areas affected both by natural disasters and armed conflict leading to situations of compounded vulnerability. Since the geographical area where both events have happened is the same, using the sum of both populations in need would lead to double counting. |
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Overview
Text should include: Overview, purpose, when it happens in the the HPC or IM cycle
Process
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Outputs/Resources
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Text should include: Essential Reading, Additional Readings, Templates. Examples, Tutorials
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